How Does Climate Affect Psoriasis? Weather Impact Explained

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by red, scaly patches on the skin. While its exact cause remains elusive, various factors, including genetics, immune system dysfunction, and environmental triggers, are known to contribute to its onset and exacerbation. Among these triggers, climate and weather have been subjects of increasing interest in recent years. Understanding how climate and weather patterns affect psoriasis can empower individuals to better manage their condition and mitigate flare-ups. This article explores the relationship between climate/weather and psoriasis, along with strategies to prevent exacerbation.

The Influence of Climate and Weather on Psoriasis Research suggests that climate and weather play significant roles in the development and exacerbation of psoriasis. Several studies have highlighted the impact of various weather conditions, including temperature, humidity, sunlight exposure, and atmospheric pressure, on psoriasis symptoms.

1. Temperature: Extreme temperatures, both hot and cold, can trigger psoriasis flare-ups. Cold weather tends to exacerbate symptoms due to decreased humidity levels and increased dryness, leading to skin dehydration and irritation. Conversely, high temperatures can induce sweating and friction, aggravating existing lesions and promoting inflammation.
2. Humidity: Low humidity levels, common in dry climates or during the winter months, can exacerbate psoriasis by drying out the skin and disrupting its natural barrier function. On the other hand, excessive humidity, often experienced in tropical climates, can lead to sweating and maceration, potentially worsening symptoms, particularly in skin folds.
3. Sunlight Exposure: Sunlight, specifically ultraviolet (UV) radiation, has complex effects on psoriasis. While moderate sun exposure can benefit some individuals by reducing inflammation and slowing skin cell turnover, excessive exposure can trigger sunburn and worsen symptoms. Moreover, the intensity of sunlight varies depending on factors such as latitude, altitude, and time of day, all of which can influence its impact on psoriasis.
4. Atmospheric Pressure: Changes in atmospheric pressure, often associated with weather fronts and storms, have been linked to psoriasis flare-ups. Rapid changes in pressure can affect blood flow and immune responses, potentially triggering inflammation and exacerbating symptoms in susceptible individuals.

How to Prevent Climate and Weather Affect Psoriasis

Preventing exacerbation of psoriasis in different climates and managing psoriasis in various climates requires a tailored approach that takes into account the specific weather conditions and their potential impact on symptoms. While it may not be possible to completely avoid climate-related triggers, implementing preventive measures can help minimize flare-ups and maintain optimal skin health.

1. Moisturize Regularly: Keeping the skin well-hydrated is crucial for individuals with psoriasis, especially in dry or cold climates. Use emollients and moisturizers regularly to prevent dryness and maintain the skin’s natural moisture barrier.
2. Protect from Extreme Temperatures: In cold weather, dress warmly and protect exposed skin from harsh winds. In hot weather, wear loose, breathable clothing to minimize sweating and irritation. Additionally, use sunscreen to protect against sunburn during prolonged sun exposure.
3. Use Humidifiers: In dry climates or indoor environments with low humidity, consider using humidifiers to add moisture to the air. This can help prevent skin dehydration and reduce the risk of flare-ups associated with dry conditions.
4. Practice Sun Safety: While sunlight can have therapeutic effects on psoriasis, it’s essential to practice sun safety to avoid sunburn and skin damage. Limit sun exposure during peak hours, use sunscreen with a high SPF, and wear protective clothing, including hats and sunglasses.
5. Monitor Weather Forecasts: Stay informed about upcoming weather conditions, particularly changes in temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure. Adjust your skincare routine and activities accordingly to minimize the impact of weather-related triggers on your psoriasis.
6. Consult a Healthcare Professional: For personalized guidance on managing psoriasis in different climates, consult a dermatologist or healthcare provider. They can offer tailored recommendations and may prescribe topical treatments or phototherapy based on your specific needs and climate-related triggers.

Conclusion

Climate and weather can significantly influence the management of psoriasis, impacting symptom severity and treatment outcomes. By understanding the effects of temperature, humidity, sunlight, and atmospheric pressure on psoriasis, individuals can take proactive steps to prevent exacerbation and maintain optimal skin health in different climates. Through a combination of skincare practices, sun safety measures, and regular consultation with healthcare professionals, individuals with psoriasis can effectively manage their condition and enjoy improved quality of life regardless of environmental factors.

References

1. Zheng X, Wang Q, Luo Y, Lu W, Jin L, Chen M, Zhu W, Kuang Y. Seasonal Variation of Psoriasis and Its Impact in the Therapeutic Management: A Retrospective Study on Chinese Patients. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2021 May 10;14:459-465. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S312556. PMID: 34007198; PMCID: PMC8121268.
2. Jensen KK, Serup J, Alsing KK. Psoriasis and seasonal variation: A systematic review on reports from Northern and Central Europe-Little overall variation but distinctive subsets with improvement in summer or wintertime. Skin Res Technol. 2022 Jan;28(1):180-186. doi: 10.1111/srt.13102. Epub 2021 Nov 10. PMID: 34758175; PMCID: PMC9907615.
3. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236837895_Effect_of_weather_and_environmental_factors_on_the_clinical_course_of_psoriasis